International Joint Ventures Free Essay Example, 3000 words

Another reason for considering going into a joint venture is the competitive advantage that could be derived from the marriage of both firm s expertise which could necessarily expand the competence and capabilities of both partners. The sharing of resources could be the stalwart feature as they go against existing competitors in the chosen industry (International Joint Ventures, n.d. ). The joint venture is "an enterprise in which two or more investors share ownership and control over property rights and operation (Market Entry Strategies, n.d. ) . There are five common objectives in a joint venture: market entry, risk/reward sharing, technology sharing and joint product development, and conforming to government regulations. Other benefits include political connections and distribution channel access that may depend on relationships. The key issues to consider in a joint venture are ownership, control, length of the agreement, pricing, technology transfer, local firm capabilities and resources, and government intentions (Foreign Market Entry Modes, n.d. ). Looking at the concept of a joint venture, the partners enter in conflicting situations in which they would like to harness the benefits of the joint venture to optimize their competitive edge. They also shared their resources for the venture s operations and yet they try to maintain the confidentiality of their proprietary resources. Another point of conflict is that the joint venture is controlled through negotiations and coordination processes, while each firm would like to maintain hierarchical control (Foreign Market Entry Modes, n.d. ).We will write a custom essay sample on International Joint Ventures or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page

Sex in the Workplace - 1539 Words

Does Sex Have a Place in the Workplace? The purpose for this term paper is to review the issues of sexual harassment in the workplace. As the workforce and diversity in the workforce increase, sexual harassment has a higher chance to occur. I will discuss how sexual harassment is viewed, what constitutes sexual harassment, ways to prevent it from happening, the cause of sexual harassment, the conduct, consequences, types, laws, how it should be handled in the workplace and also give my view points In 1980, the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC), issued its first formal guidelines on sexual harassment to give employers some directions on what qualifies as sexual harassment and knowing the specifics. According to The Equal†¦show more content†¦It’s illegal to harass a potential employee, co-worker, and supervisor. The harassment does not have to be sexual in nature it can include pestering based on a person sex and remarks that constitute as unpleasant. Harassment is only illegal if when it is done excessively and creates problem that may affect the work place, or if a decision was made regarding the employment of the victim and demotion or firing followed. The Title VII of the Civil Rights Act is a law that prohibits discrimination based on sex. The terms of this law can be implied when issues of sexual harassment are raised in the work place. Sexual harassment policies have been established in the workplace to add incentive and also legitimize management to discipline and control nearly harmless sexual behavior. In the early 90’s numerous sexual harassment lawsuits became popular. Some high profile cases include â€Å"The Anita Hill and Clarence Thomas case in 1991.† Anita Hill accused then Supreme Court hopeful, Clarence Thomas of sexual harassment. Even though the alleged harassment happened years prior to the nomination, Anita Hill brought it to the forefront as a character flaw issue. A more recent sexual harassment case was with presidential hopeful Herman Cain. In 2011 allegations surfaced from 5 different women who claimed Herman Cain sexually harassed them dating back to the early 90’s. Again the incident s happen years prior and my initial thought was whyShow MoreRelatedEssay On Sex Discrimination In The Workplace1014 Words   |  5 Pagesthe courts to be a protected class under Title VII s prohibition of sex discrimination in the workplace? I agree that transgender employee should be considered by the courts to be a protected class under Title VII’s prohibition of sex discrimination in the workplace. Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 makes it illegal to discriminate against someone on the basis of race, color, religion, national origin, or sex. Sex refers to the biological and physiological characteristics that defineRead MoreSex Segregation in the Workplace Essay514 Words   |  3 PagesWhy not female surgeons and male nurses? These are simple and frequent questions that can be answered by most Sociologist and Theorists. Sociologists and Theorists equate this type of job inequality phenomenon with occupational sex segregation. Sex segregation in the workplace is one of the most visible signs of inequality in the labor market. In almost every work setting, it is rare to see men and women working at the same job. When they do, they usually perform different tasks, with unequal levelsRead MoreThe Workplace Is Sex, Race, And Education2038 Words   |  9 Pagesfighting for equality in America we have still yet to be equal. We know why certain things are unequal but I have yet to find someone who knows the answer to my question. Inequality still exists in the workplace because of sex, race, and education. One of the biggest pay gaps in the workplace is sex. Between women and men the pay gap is different, men get paid more than women that are in the same profession. I have found that STILL to this day men believe that women can not do the labor thatRead MoreSex Based Discrimination Within The Workplace Essay1821 Words   |  8 PagesSex-based Discrimination In the workplace Women make up 49.5% of the population in the world (The World Bank, 2016). On April 08, 2014, President Obama had announced a national statistic during his State of the Union address. â€Å"Today, the average full-time working woman earns just 77 cents for every dollar a man earns...in 2014, that s an embarrassment. It is working.† -President Obama, remarks on equal pay for equal work, April 8, 2014 Women work an extra 68 days to earn the same pay as a male.Read MoreSex Discrimination in the American Workplace Still Stands848 Words   |  3 Pagesbegin with, differences in the pay of workers between both genders seems to be an ongoing issue ever since the time women joined men in the work place. For that reason, â€Å"America made a commitment to equal pay for equal work regardless of the worker’s sex† when they passed the Equal Pay Act in 1963 (Remus Kelley 149). Despite the fact this act was passed, even a little over ten years later we could still see the gap between wages of women and men. In 1976, women only earned about fifty-nine percentRead MoreEthics of Workplace Discrimination Essay1434 Words   |  6 PagesWorkplace ethics are standards or codes that determines right and wrong moral behavior in the work environment. Discrimination is defined as â€Å"the unjust or prejudicial treatment of different categories of people or things, especially on the grounds of race, age, or sex.† (Oxford Dictionary) Workplace discrimination deals with issues such as religion, race, gender, disability, age, and sexual orientation. Covering all of these issues is beyond the scope of this paper, therefore, I will focus onRead MoreEssay about Sex Discrimination 1597 Words   |  7 Pagesmany instances, gender discrimination involves the degree to which the workplace is open to versus resistant to the participation of women. Although many discussions of gender discrimination have focused on the ways managers and supervisors treat men and women, gender discrimination could involve managers, co-workers, subordinates, clients, or customers. In general, gender discrimination include behaviours occurring in the workplace that limit the target person’s ability to enter, remain in, succeedRead MoreWorkplace Discrimination : Discrimination And Discrimination1588 Words   |  7 Pagesand other business surroundings. This tragedy is called wo rkplace discrimination; not every unfair behavior at work, however, can be assessed as discrimination. Discrimination in the workplace happens when an employee experiences unfair treatment due to their race, gender, age, religion, marital status, national origin, disability or veteran status, or other characteristics. Discrimination is one of the largest issues people face in the workplace and it must be dealt with. The U.S. have laws and regulationsRead MoreDiscrimination Within The Workplace, Race, Religion, National Origin And Disabilities1372 Words   |  6 PagesDiscrimination in the workplace comes in many forms: age, sex, race, religion, national origin and disabilities. All of these are in protected groups by law. The text Business Ethics defines job discrimination as occurring when (1) an employment decision in some way harms or disadvantages an employee or job applicant; (2) the decision based on a person’s membership in a certain group, rather than on individual merit; and (3) the decision rests on prejudice, false stereotypes, or the assumptionRead MoreEssay on Same Sex Harassment1650 Words   |  7 PagesSame Sex Harassment Imagine that you are in the shower of the gym at work and three co-workers enter, then hold you down to the ground while rubbing their genitalia across your bare skin. No matter what the circumstance you would find this behavior appalling and disgusting. Now think to yourself if every person involved had been a male. Would you say that they were just horsing around? I hope not. The attitude of American society and legal culture regarding sexual harassment has

Stuff Free Essays

People exploring new experiences will have to overcome many challenges, and will undergo personal growth. ‘Into the World’ can be interpreted as outlooks of growing up and adjustment into new stages of a person’s life. It can mean changing normally, or having to change without any choice In the matter. We will write a custom essay sample on Stuff or any similar topic only for you Order Now In either case, any person exploring new experiences will encounter challenges, but along the way they will undergo personal growth. This is apparent In the prescribed text, The Story of Tom Brenna’ by J Burke, as well as my chosen text, ‘The Arrival’ by Shawn Tan. The Idea of ‘new experiences’ may not always begin positively. For Instance, In Burke’s novel, The Story of Tom Brenna’, one disastrous accident made him and his family to leave their hometown of Mumble, forcing every character to go through an emotional release. This provokes Tom to become very reserved and distant as he grows resentful and bitter of the whole predicament and progressively being pushed â€Å"back Into that big, black hole†. He becomes very depressed, reclusive and alienated as he attempts to deal with the situation that his brother, Daniel, has caused. The author projects Tom’s thoughts, emotions, perceptions and opinions through a large range of techniques. The audience is aware of Tom’s growing guilt through the technique of first person writing (on page 124). â€Å"Like I said, that was a low point. † The believable, grammatical, impressionistic voice of the teenage narrator creates a confidential allegations with the readers, as well as keeping them engaged. It also gives us insight into Tom’s inner most thoughts. As Tom plunges into intense feelings of guilt and animosity, he becomes numb to the struggles the other members of his family are facing. One of the most effective and engaging techniques used by the author to capture the reader’s attention, is the use of flashbacks. The Story of Tom Brenna is a nonlinear narrative, and this is first evident in the prologue, which has a reflective tone, when it How to cite Stuff, Papers

Human Resource Management Business Organisations in Managing

Question: Discuss about the case study Human Resource Management for Business Organisations in Managing. Answer: Introduction Human resource management is an approach that helps business organisations in managing their workforce in the best possible manner and in optimising their performance by using the concepts provided in the subject. Human resource management has given business organisations some important concepts, such as compensation benefits, performance management, recruitment and selection, career management, training and development, etc. (Inc.com, 2016) Human resource management basically deals with the work conditions and improving them to keep the employees motivated and optimise their performances by providing them with the best work conditions. Hackman and Oldham were two people who proposed the Job Characteristics theory, also known as the JCT (Tutor2u.net, 2016). The basic idea that the two suggested was that the job itself or the task itself was one of the key components that could keep the employees motivated. They said that if the job given to an employee is boring or monotonous, it would stifle the motivation of the employee to work well and on the other hand, a challenging job would always foster motivation amongst the employees. They also suggested in their work that if the employees are motivated to work harder and accept challenging work, they would perform better, will be more satisfied with their jobs and the organisation would be able to experience reduced absenteeism and employee turnover rates (Yourcoach.be, 2016) . Therefore, in this report, we will discuss a number of academic literature resources and find out whether the tasks or the jobs can actually help in keeping the employees motivated and improve the final results for the company as well as for the employees. Relation Between Job/Tasks And Employee Performance The modern day business world is tough and only the toughest of the organisations can survive in the global competition. With the advancement of technology and increase in the reach of people, it has become very easy for business organisations to replicate operations and processes and achieve business competencies in the market. Thus, business organisations cannot rely upon technology, operations or processes to gain competitive advantage in the market and are left with only human resources, which can help them in achieving market competencies. Therefore, it is very important that business organisations are able to provide the human resources with the best working conditions and optimise their performances to achieve the best results. Work conditions here do not merely mean that business organisations should provide the employees with a comfortable cabin to sit in and other facilities that can satisfy their needs. Work conditions here means that the business organisations should provide the employees with tasks or work that suits their expertise and is challenging enough to make them use their mind and skills. Human resource managements are now going for concepts such as job enrichment, job rotation and job transfer to make the working conditions tougher and more interesting for the employees. Job enrichment aims at providing new type of work to the employees so that they do not feel bored with their day-to-day work. Let us now talk about some benefits of providing a challenging work environment to the workforce: Learning new skills it has been found that the employees are eager to acquire new skills and techniques that would help them in building their careers and advancing on their career paths. When they are given challenging work or something new to work on, they feel that they have been given an opportunity to learn something new. They feel that they are given a responsibility which they must fulfil to prove themselves. Thus, the idea of being able to learn new skills motivates the employees to work harder (Bizcommunity.com, 2016). Reduced boredom it has been found that most of the employees feel bored when they have to do the same work over and over again. Boredom has been found to have a great negative impact on the performance of the employees as they do not feel that their work is challenging or interesting anymore. Providing a challenging work environment to the employees ensures that they do not feel bored and have something to continuously look forward to (Smallbusiness.chron.com, 2016). Receive recognition recognition has been found to be one of the most esteem needs of employees working in an organisation. Recognition was also included by Maslow in his Need Hierarchy Theory in which he suggested that the fulfilment of needs motivates the employees to perform better (Study.com, 2016). Providing challenging work to the employees gives the management an opportunity to test their skills, strengths and weaknesses. An employee who is able to perform well in the task that has been given to him stands an opportunity to gain recognition within the organisation and increase his future prospects for performance appraisal or promotions. Employee Motivation when the seniors of the organisation trust the employees with responsibilities and challenging work, the employees feel that they do matter to the company and are an important part of the organisation. They feel their sense of belongingness to the company and the feeling of being responsible motivates them to work harder and better for the company (YourArticleLibrary.com: The Next Generation Library, 2015). Sense of accomplishments when the management works hard to improve the work conditions for the employees and provide them with challenging work that can reduce their boredom, the employees too feel responsible. When they feel responsible, they also feel motivated to work harder and when they perform well due to their motivation, they receive a sense of accomplishment in the end. Benefits for the employer Providing challenging work to the employees is not only beneficial for the employees but also has a great number of advantages for the employers too. The employers can provide challenging work to their employees and can test their skills and knowledge and can easily identify the employees who can be considered for promotions or to fulfil higher vacancies. Further, the employer can also identify the skills or knowledge that is missing in the employees and can arrange for the training and development of the workforce. Therefore, the employer can improve the work conditions and quality of work for the employees by providing challenging work to the employees and testing their skills (Reddy, 2016). Creates a professional approach the practice of providing challenging work to the employees also involves introducing a number of regular changes in the organisation. Changes related to routine, jobs, tasks, etc. helps in making the workplace interesting for the employees and they become more professional. Reduced absenteeism researchers have shown that job enrichment, or the practice of providing new and challenging work to the workforce, helps a lot in bringing down the absenteeism rates in the organisation, which can greatly improve the final results of a company. When the management provides challenging work and tasks to the employees on regular basis, they have to act more responsibly and even their interest increases in the work that they do. As the employees become more responsible and interested in the work that they do, they avoid taking meaningless holidays or not showing up at work uninformed. Thus, an organisation can bring down the absenteeism rates by making the work environment better and providing more challenging work to the employees. Reduced labour turnover rates it has been observed that organisations that provide monotonous or similar work to their employees over and over again have experienced higher labour turnover rates as compared to the organisations that provide challenging and interesting work to their employees. The clear logic behind the finding is that when the employees are given similar work to do every day, they feel bored, their skills are not used adequately and their chances of future growth reduce due to lack of learning, training and development. Thus, they tend to leave such organisations that cannot provide them challenging work. On the other hand, the employees that get challenging work regularly are able to learn new skills and techniques, which help them in developing their career. Thus, they tend to stick with such companies. Conclusion From the information presented above, it can be easily observed that an organisation can achieve a great number of benefits by providing better working conditions and also better or more challenging work to the employees. The type of work that an organisation provides to its employees can greatly affect the job satisfaction, motivation and performance level of the employees. An organisation that provides boring and monotonous work to its employees kills the opportunity of fostering a creative and challenging work environment at the workplace. As a result, the employees feel bored and they tend to take unnecessary leaves or switch to other companies, which can further have a negative impact on the performance of the company in the longer run. On the other hand, a company that is able to provide better working conditions to the employees and provide them with work that challenges their skills, makes them learn something new and can benefit them or their career in the future, is able to foster a workplace environment that promotes creativity and challenge. As a result, the employees feel motivated and are highly interested in the work that they do. Their commitment towards their jobs and towards the organisation increases and they show less absenteeism. Consequently, the labour turnover rates also come down. Therefore, it can be clearly seen that such an organisation can perform well in the longer run and can achieve better results by providing better work to its workforce. Thus, the claim made by Hackman and Oldham that if employees feel their jobs are interesting, challenging and important, they will be motivated, and that high motivation will lead to improved wok performance, job satisfaction and reduced absenteeism and labour turnover is actually true in the modern day business world. References Hackman Oldhams Job Characteristics Model | Business | tutor2u. (2016). Tutor2u.net. Retrieved 10 August 2016, from https://www.tutor2u.net/business/reference/hackman-oldhams-job-characteristics-model Hackman and Oldham job characteristics model | Employee motivation theories | YourCoach Gent. (2016). Yourcoach.be. Retrieved 10 August 2016, from https://www.yourcoach.be/en/employee-motivation-theories/hackman-oldham-job-characteristics-model.php Hackman, J., Pearce, J., Wolfe, J. (1978). Effects of changes in job characteristics on work attitudes and behaviors: A naturally occurring quasi-experiment. Organizational Behavior And Human Performance, 21(3), 289-304. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0030-5073(78)90055-7 Hosie, P., Sevastos, P., Cooper, C. (2006). Happy-performing managers. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar. Human Resource Management. (2016). Inc.com. Retrieved 10 August 2016, from https://www.inc.com/encyclopedia/human-resource-management.html Job Enrichment: Meaning, Characteristics, Advantages and Limitations. (2015). YourArticleLibrary.com: The Next Generation Library. Retrieved 10 August 2016, from https://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/hrm/jobs/job-enrichment-meaning-characteristics-advantages-and-limitations/53318/ Oldham, G., Hackman, J., Pearce, J. (1976). Conditions under which employees respond positively to enriched work. Journal Of Applied Psychology, 61(4), 395-403. https://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.61.4.395 Reddy, K. (2016). Top 15 Advantages and Disadvantages of Job Enrichment - WiseStep. WiseStep. Retrieved 10 August 2016, from https://content.wisestep.com/top-advantages-disadvantages-job-enrichment/ The Advantages Disadvantages of Job Enrichment. (2016). Smallbusiness.chron.com. Retrieved 10 August 2016, from https://smallbusiness.chron.com/advantages-disadvantages-job-enrichment-11960.html The importance of a challenging work environment. (2016). Bizcommunity.com. Retrieved 10 August 2016, from https://www.bizcommunity.com/Article/410/423/76259.html The Needs Theory: Motivating Employees with Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - Video Lesson Transcript | Study.com. (2016). Study.com. Retrieved 10 August 2016, from https://study.com/academy/lesson/the-needs-theory-motivating-employees-with-maslows-hierarchy-of-needs.html